File-cutting machine



Oct. 21 1924. 1,512,585

H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 27. 1921 a Sheejs-Sheet 1 Oct. 21 1924'. 1,512,585

. H. DURLACH FILE CUTTINGMACHINE Filed July 27. 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 27. 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.3.

Oct! i H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE .Filed July 2'7, 192) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Oct. 21

H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 27. 1% a Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct. 21, 1924.

I 1,512,585 H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 2'7. 192; 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 21 1924. 1,512,585

H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING mourns Filed July 27. 1921' 8 Sheets-Sheet H. DURLACH FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filer! July 27. 1921 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented Oct. 21, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

HENRI DURLAGH, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO FORGES & ATELIEBS DE GON- STRUGTIONS ELEGTRIQUES DE JEUMON'I, OF PARIS, FRANCE, A FRENCH JOINT- S TO CK COMPANY.

FILE-CUTTING MACHINE.

Application filed July 27, 1921.

To all whom it may COW 061m Be it known that I, HENRI D RLAO a citizen of the French Republic, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new nd, usci I pro eme t Fi -fi ng Machines, of which the ollowing is a speci fication.

This patent relates to an entirely automatic machine tor cutting files and rasps of any dimensions and siz s- In the machine according to this tion, the attendant seated in front of the machine can eas y watch the work of the chisel, and his movements are reduced to a minimum, a file blank being merely put in the machine which outs it and replaces it by afresh one as soon as the cutting is done. All the movementsthe rise and descent of the carriage, the rise and descent of the chisel, the inclination of the same according to the shape or kind of file cut, etc-being controlled by templates which suit the files to be cut, the said templates, once they are placed in position on the machine, controlling the travel of the carriage and the inclination ot' the chisel, etc., automatically. The machine effects very quick, continuous work of excellent quality, equal to hand work owing to the position which the chisel can take relatively to the file.

The parts which control the force of the hammer blow, the total stoppage of the ma chine or of the carriage, etc, are within reach of the attendant who can operate them either by hand or with his foot.

A construction of the machine according to this invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of the machine from the s e :1 the at end t- Figure 2 is a similar view of the back of the machine.

Figure. 3 is a side elevation of the machine;

Figure a i a plan- Figure 5 is an. el a n, n a nlarg d scale f he h sel h der.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the same.

Figures 1-9 are respectively front elevatjion, plan and end elevation of the variable level driving device and guide.

Figure 1.0 is an elevation of the guide .on an enlarged scale,

inven- Serial No. 487,822.

Figure 11 a plan of the same.

Figure 12 is a detail view of the release device,

Figure 13 a plan of the head template,

Figure 14: a plan of the cutting template,

Figure 15 a plan ot the automatic movement template,

Figure 16 shows in detail the method of mounting the said three templates on the shaft driving the head.

This machine comprises a foundation p e 1 upp r g the o i as .2 cei ing the repeated shocks of cutting.

3 is a column bolted to the plate and carrying above the machine the device which by means of gear wheels and satellite pinions 5 and 6, brings about the advance or feed of the carriage supporting the blanks to be out.

This column also supports the shafts and parts for operating the templates regulating the various movements of the carriage, chisel and holder.

7 is a worm with square double thread (with a pitch of 25 mm, in order to facilitate the calculations for feeding) which ensures the feed of the carriage in a perfectly uniform manner. This worm is supported between a tempered point and a ten'ipered step bearing.

8 is the carriage carrying the blanks to be out, sliding in two cradles supporting and guiding the said carriage.

The feed mechanism of the carriage constituted by the satellite pinions 5 and .6, the worm 7, is supported at one 015 its ends by a small column 9 sliding on a small frame 10 inclined at the same angle as the carriage.

11 is the straight chisel intended for cutting files. This chisel is straight, that is to say its cutting edge is at right angles to its sides which in their turn are parallel to each other. This chisel is mounted (see Figures 5 and 6) in a chisel holder '12 which is arranged at the base of the hammer 13 in a cylindrical seat. The hammer 13 of cast steel is guided throughout its travel by guides with means for taking up shake in every direction, said means being formed of bronze or cast iron and forming part of the movable head. This hammer is controlled by a cam 14 which turns in bronze bearings mounted on a balance beam 15 which is attached to the guide 1'? by means of an adjustable rod 16. A. spring 18 arranged above the hammer and co-operating with the cam 14, determines and regulates the force ot fall of the hammer 1-3 in accordance 1th. the shape and depth of the tooth to be cut.

19 1s a cha1n which com Jresses the s 311119'5 18 to a greater or less extent, and by means of which the we ght of the blow of the hammer can be varied. This chain is controlled by a non-reversible worm 20 which is also exposed to the action of the cutting template S4 and of the handle 21 which 15 within reach of the attendants hand. Tl e cutting template 3% acts on the spindle for t ghtemng the chain by means of the lever 92% (Figure 3).

The parts constituting the movable head 23 and carrying the chisel 11 are adapted to swing about the shaft 22 on which they tain inclination of the chisel.

are mounted in order to enable the chisel to strike the file at a certain angle according to the shape of tooth to be obtained. This head 23 is mounted on iron sleeve which in its turn is held in a casing 2% (see Figure 3) which is placed by the side or" the block 2, and the whole is secured to the foundation plat.

According to the type of .tile to be cut, the said head 23 controlled by the so-called cutting template 25, can swing to given extent which is adjusted by the template, thus rendering possible as already stated, a cer- The inclination of the said head is adjustable by means of levers 26 connected together by a sp'ndle 2'i'which operates a link 28 which produces the desired inclination of the head The oscillating head is balanced by a weight 29 secured to the shaft 2:1 on which is mounted a wooden pulley 30 (see Figures 3 and 4) which has second balance weight 31 which always tends to keep the roller 12 of the lever 26 in contact with the head te1nplate 25; the shaft 22 is supported at one ot its ends on a column The'templates tor regulating the operation of the machine and dcsi icd to suit the shape of the tiles to be cut, are three; the head template 25, the cutting template 3% and the automatic motion template 35 t Figures 3, 4-, 13 1a and These te plates, the shapes of which are shown accompanying drawings and which y to a considerable extent according to th dimensions and shape of the are nonnated on a cast iron sleeve 36 (Figures and 16) mounted on the shaft 22 and controlled by a worm 37 (Figure 2) which receives its motion from a Garden shaft 38 driven in its turn by a'pinion 3Q meshing w'th pinion tO mounted on the shaft 41 which is driven by pinions 42, 43 driven by a shaft 44 driven by a friction gear 45.

The general movement is imparted to th machine by the -fast and loose pulleys 4:3 and 47 keyed to a shaft 48 which drives a worm 4-9 in mesh with a worm wheel 50 which drives the friction gears 45 in tho rising direction oil the carriage.

51 is the sl ii t on which is mounted the pulley 52 which is driven by the worm wheel 50. On the said shall :31 is mounted the brake drum 5 :3, the object of which is to allow or an automatic stopping oi the advance of the carriage during the cutting at each Contact of the chisel with the tile. This stoppage is brought a mat by means of a block 5%: controlled by an eccentric 55% which in its turn is drven by two bevel pinions 56, 5? in contact w th the Cardan shalt with guide 58. This Cardan shaft is driven by two toothed wheels 55), one oi which is keyed direct to the cam shaitt (i To facilitate the return during :1 fresh cutting of a tile, the mechanism is as follows: To the driving shalit 18 is keyed a pulley 61 which drives by means of a crossed belt a pulley 62 driving the shaft 53 to which is ln *ed the pinion til whicl, be ng in mesh with the pinion (35 rotates a 'i'riction cone so in a direction opposite to that I of the shaft 51, thus rendering posiblc uu'cl return of the carriage.

The cani ll controlling' the hammer ii. i mounted on a shatt (l0 drivrn by a pulley (l? driven by another two-stcp pulley (in which in its turn is rotated by a pulley no keyed to the shaft 48.

'l iunhuclilcs Til connect together the spin-- dies ol. the pulleys (1?, (38. (if). so as to avoid any wrong tension ol' the belts during; thiswinging of the head.

The sl'ni't't til is mounted at one of its cudi-z in a hearing Tl which rests on the lrauic 'i, oi the fllli'O llHiiiC motion. in the centre in the hearing it and at the other end in bearings which are secured to a frame stretching the belts. On the frame '72 is secured an anton'nitic control device by means (it rolhi'v. the object oi" which is to allow the chain to lu loosened, the guide and tho hanuncr to be raised these three movements being brought about by the lever controlled by the icinplate The frame 76 connects together 7 and TS controlling the levers above mentioned nuii'vcnientu.

till controls 2 device for stopthe running oi the i'uachinc. the 'OCttiTlllj-Z movement of the carriage. so as to enable the attendant to cha :L I chisel during the working. For this operation. the pedal 75;. is utilized tor raising; the hammer b means ot the levers Si and o l the counter-spring ln these ()DOILIl'iMW. the loosening of the chain obtained by means of the pinions v.3 S t which drive the piuions 86 l means of a spindle Fl? sliding in the guide 88. The pinion 8G drives the spindle 89 which in its turn drives a disc 90 to which is secured a roller 91 which. by its n'iovenient of rotation, loosens the chain.

lliii The driver 94 (Figures 79) of the carriage 8 forms a connection between the worm 7 and the carriage, and is adjustable to suit the form of the blanks, by means of guides 95 and nuts 96. lVith this driver finer cutting is also obtained at the point, by means of the roller 97, and regulation is ettected by the template 98 on which the roller runs.

The guide 17 (see Figures and 11) is in one piece with the square section rod which slides in the head parallel to the hammer, this guide is controlled by a quadrant and a worm, clearly shown in the drawing, which enables this guide to be placed exactly parallel to, and in the same plane as, the cutting edge of the chisel.

The automatic movement by a pawl, shown in detail in Figure 12, is mounted on and keyed to the shaft 77, and comprises a box with rollers providedwith a projection 99 in contact with a corresponding projection or finger 100 secured to the end of a lever 101 pivoted about a pin 102 and con.- trolled by a lever 103 having a projection 10a of a shape which enables it to slide and disappear under the pressure of a finger 105 arranged at the end of a lever 106 pivoted about a pin 107, this lever 106 has a spring 108 secured to the same and always tending to return the lever 106, and therefore the finger 105, to the raised position, any misses in this movement thus being avoided.

109 is a connecting rod which keeps in position the lever 103. The rod 110 is connected by a spindle 111 to the lever 75 which controls this movement.

112 is a lever forming a balance weight and intended to release the pawl of Figure 12 on being operated by hand or by the knee.

113 is a hand wheel controlling the spindle 11 1 operating the connecting rod 115 and also adapted to be released by hand.

116 is a handle secured to the disengaging gear 117 for the purpose of completely stopping the machine.

118 is a partfor regulating the variable inclination of the head (see Figure 2), comprising nine holes and by introducing suitable pins into these holes, it is possible to keep the said head in three different positions according to the kind of cutting required.

119 is lever controllin all the levers operating the guide.

120 is the moderating device controlled by the pedal 80. p

121 is a fly wheel controlling the auto in-atic movement, it is driven by a counter- Shall: not shown in the drawing.

122 is a fly wheel for regulating the height of striking, it is secured to the spindle 123 which in its turn is driven by the pulleys 68.

The operation of the machine is as follows The attendant being seated in front of the machine in the position shown in Figure 1, can observe the working of the chisel, and the formation of the tooth in every direction, he has on his left, within reach oi his hand, the stock of blanks to be cut. The carriage 8 has been previously provided with a bed of special metal of variable shape to suit the shape of the files to be cut, so that it does, or does not, leave, according to the said shapes, a longitudinal play for obtaining certain cuts. The templates correspond to the length and shape of the file to be cut, and having been put in place on the spindle 22, the attendant places the file to be cut on its bed, pushes the lever 116, and the machine starts.

The various templates being in contact with the roller 32 and the levers 93 and 7 5, transmit the movement corresponding to the said out, to the gear wheels at and to the whole of the automatic motion. The chisel 11 drops under the action of the hammer 13 and ot' the cam 14, whilst the carriage 8 iltlYiLlliGS continuously, being driven in the manner hereinbefore described. During the said advance, the attendant has only to watch the cutting which he can regulate or improve as regards the force of blows, it he considers it advisable, by means of the handle 21 controlling the tightening of the chain 19 which, as already stated, regulates the action oi the spring pressing on the hammer.

During the rise of the carriage, the latter stopped automatically and synchronously with the chisel blow, by means of the brake block 54 controlled by the worm wheels 59 in direct contact with the cam shaft 60.

lVhen the chisel has come to the end of the part being cut, the template operates the lever and transmits to the lever 110 F igure 12) a release movement which raises the counter-spring 81, the chisel 11 and the guide 17 by means of the lever 119 controlling the levers operating the guide. At that moment the carriage redescends, and at the same time the attendant removes the cut file and replaces it on the bed by a new file blank, at the same time the chain 10 compressing the spring, is loosened auto matically by the roller 91 (Figure 1) releasing the spring and facilitating the rise of the hammer and or the chisel. The template operating the lever 7 5 which controls the lever 110, gives a fresh movement to the pawl or release device which again raises the carriage, stretches the chain 19 again and lowers into position the guide and the chisel, and the cutting operation described in the foregoing, begins again, without the attendant having made any other move ments than those for removing and replacing the cut file.

During the cutting operation which must be regulated in order to obtain, as in hand til working, a good shape of tooth, the position of the chisel relatively to the file must be varied, and this is obtained in the present machine exclusively by th action of one of the templates, without any intervention of the attendant, the whole of the head carrying the hammer and the chisel being inclined to the desired extent. This inclination is obtained automatically owing to the shape given to the template which acts on the roller 32 controlling the lever 26 and the link 28, as already stated. The result is thus obtained, and the head returns to the normal position as soon as the template prescribes it.

The force of blow of the hammer can be regulated by means of the spring 18 more or less compressed by the lever 93 controlled by the cutting template 3% which in its turn is controlled by the shaft 92 (see Figure During the cutting,'the attendant can, as already stated, correct the insutlicient or excessive force of hammer blows by regulating by hand the handle .21 which loosens or tightens the chain.

The pedals 7 9 and 80 are used by the attendant for the following operations: The pedal 79 enables him to release the file from the chisel blow when he considers it advisable. The pedal. 80 enables him to stop the rising of the carriage without stopping the general movement of the machine, by means of the moderating device 120.

The attendant can also stop completely the whole of the machine by pulling towards himself the button 116, which results in moving the belt from the fast to the loose pulley.

In order to vary the angle of cutting of the teeth, required by various types of files, the chisel always remaining in the axis of the machine, the carriage 8 is turned about the block as an axis, the said carriage sliding on the rolling track 10 balanced by the balance weight 124 and locked in position by the nut i0.

If during the working the attendant wishes to change the direction of running of the carriage, he can do it either by means of the lever 112 which he can operate simply with his knee, or by means of the hand wheel 113.

This machine may also be used for pricking rasps, in which case the chisel is replaced by a punch.

This machine may be built with left or right hand frame, so as to enable certain cuts to be obtained.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A 'filecntting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with acradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a straight-edged-chisel 'l'orproducing the cutting of the file, a cam 'ausing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel and a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut.

2. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a worm, two satellite pinions for, driving said worm for feeding said carriage, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be in clined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel and a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be out.

3. A. file-cutting machine con'lprisiug the combination of a hannner, a block receiving blows from the han'uner, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a worm, two satellite pin-- ions for driving said worm for 'lieeding said carriage, an adjustable track or ramp (98). a roller rising thereon for adjusting the height of the carriage to enable a liner cut to be made, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the tile, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting. a ten'iplnte for controlling the main drive of the earriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel and a template for controlling the strength of the blow. these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the lcind of file to be cut,

4. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle. a carriage receiving the file to be cut a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a handoperated tension device 20, 21), a chain acted upon by the tension device, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for Hill controlling the inclination of the chisel and a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut.

5. A file cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carry ing said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel, a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut, a movable head (23) on which the hammer and chisel are carried, a disk (118) for regulating the inclination of the hammer and chisel and a number of pins engaging with holes in said disc.

6. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a straightedged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel, a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut, a free wheel device controlled by one of said templates, and clutches for reversing the carriage by means of the free wheel device.

7. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drlve of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel, a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut, a free wheel device controlled by one of said templates, clutches for reversing the carriage by means of the free wheel device, and a brake device for delaying the carriage.

8. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein, and receiving the file to be cut, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for con trolling the inclination of the chisel, a tem plate for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut, a worm gear and a guide (17) adjustable thereby and adapted to be raised conjointly with the hammer.

9. A file-cutting machine comprising the combination of a hammer, a block receiving blows from the hammer, a foundation plate supporting the block and a column for carrying said mechanism with a cradle, a carriage reciprocating therein and receiving the file to be cut, a straight-edged chisel for producing the cutting of the file, a cam causing the hammer to strike the chisel which is adapted to be inclined during the cutting, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel, a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being automatic in action and having a shape prescribed by the kind of file to be cut and a rolling track (10) and a balance weight (124) for changing the position of the carriage and its driving device relatively to the base.

10. A file-cutting machine with a foundation plate, a solid base carried thereby, a chisel, a chisel holder for the chisel oscillating in a vertical plane, a blank, a carriage reciprocated automatically adapted to receive the blank, a rotatable sleeve, a shaft rotatably mounted therein, driving gear for the chisel hold r a movable head containing the chisel holder with the driving gear mounted on the shaft, a template for controlling the inclination of the chisel, a template for controlling the main drive of the carriage, a template for controlling the strength of the blow, these templates being carried by the rotatable sleeve, and counterweights which exercise a permanent traction on the chisel holder.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRI DURLACH.

Witnesses Gnoncns FAUGIN, ROGER RAGUET. 

